The New Philosophou Monastery is not as new as it might sound, since it was founded in 1691. The gallant monastery with the remarkable carven chancel screen is located on the west side of Loussios Gorge. The murals, that embellish the monastery, were made by the painter Victoras and are Cretan style. In Monopori, where the old monastery was located, and all the south part of Loussios Gorge, there were caves and ascetic cabins that were destroyed by the Slavic invasions in the 7th and 8th century. During the Ottoman Empire, the area was a center of literacy and culture, where 'Krifo Scholio' (secret school) educated the enslaved society. Following the path beyond the New Monastery, in a cavity of Loussios Gorge are located the ruins of one of the most ancient and historical monasteries in Greece, the Old Monastery of Panagia Philosophou. It was built in 963 AD and was characterized as stauropegial. Nowadays, a small, Byzantine chapel, built in the 10th century, is preserved along with its murals.